Relationship between physical inactivity and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, TNFα, CRP)

Ahmad Imran Bin Mohd Rosli; Muhammad Hazid Najmi Bin Mohd Azemi; Muhammad Hafiz Bin Sabri; Mohamad Adam Daniel Bin Mohamad Isa

Authors

Ahmad Imran Bin Mohd Rosli Faculty of Pharmacy, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
Muhammad Hazid Najmi Bin Mohd Azemi Faculty of Pharmacy, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
Muhammad Hafiz Bin Sabri Faculty of Pharmacy, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
Mohamad Adam Daniel Bin Mohamad Isa Faculty of Pharmacy, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia

Keywords:

Adiposity; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Exercise; Health Status; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Mortality; Sedentary Behavior; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha.

Abstract

Physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle contribute to the major causes of diseases and mortality across the world. They are associated closely with low-grade systemic inflammation. This review extracts findings from 56 articles, which includes cross-sectional analyses, prospective cohorts, randomized controlled trials, and systematic reviews, which all evaluate on how physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle affect key inflammatory biomarkers, which are interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and CRP. The direction and magnitude of these key biomarkers affected by population variables, such as obesity, diabetes, PCOS, cancer survivorship, HIV, multiple sclerosis, and COVID-19 infection. Variation of methodology among researchers, such as biomarker assays, adiposity adjustment and intervention contributed to the inconsistent results. Overall, data shows that low volume of physical activity closely related to increase in inflammation, while exercise has positive anti- inflammatory benefits in variety of the populations.

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